Structure Of Vacuum and Unity Of Interactions

Photon Interaction with vacuum and its power parities have allowed to find out structure of vacuum in space, core and nuclear variants. The structure of vacuum results in detection of the superiority of the electron charge above the positron charge on amount of Q. The surplus of a charge of vacuum generates the phenomena of gravitation and antigravitation in the Universe, stability of dipoles existence in vacuum and in electronic clouds above core of atoms. In a basis of the Universe the uniform law Coulomb interactions lays determining gravitation, electromagnetism, core and nuclear forces.

There are distinctions between the physical laws and scientific research technologies. For example, it is possible to consider the law of gravitation of Newton just as the law, and the Kepler laws and also other laws of Newton can be related to technological receptions of research of Solar system and movement of masses. Some accepted hypotheses at a level of axioms are stated.

Axiom first. In the macro and in micro worlds the law of gravitation of Newton and law of Coulomb of interaction of charges are lawful.

Axiom second. In the macro and in micro worlds an electrical and magnetic constant of vacuum is invariable, and gravitational constant depends on medium of space, core and nucleus.

The axioms are not obvious to traditional physics. The task of the paper, in particular, is to find out them correct. At the decision of a task the disputable results will be received are unordinary and probably, which are offered for the beforehand unbiased reader.

For convenience electrical and magnetic permeability of vacuum are represented in a normal view, i.e. their return sizes are accepted:

- Electrical vacuum constant equal to return size of permittivity,

- Magnetic vacuum constant equal to return size of magnetic permeability.

Thus the laws of Newton and Coulomb receive an identical view. For research of structure of vacuum the well known experimental data on interaction of vacuum with photon are used.

Space vacuum

Space vacuum as we shall understand accepted in physics certain "a photon field " as a source virtual photons as exchange particles at electromagnetic interactions. Photon , having frequency , deforms its structure. Being in vacuum with the size between its elements , photon makes deformation . Thus the energy of deformation will be , where - electron or positron charge, - intensity of an electrical field of structure.

The photon energy is equal to energy of deformation:

The deformation depends on time. Photon is an electromagnetic phenomenon with amplitude:

Let's determine intensity of an electrical field, where - certain factor of proportionality:

Let's substitute the received expressions (amplitude from 2 and intensity from 3 in 1):

It is possible to assume - speed of light.

Let's note, that this assumption seems natural, but not obvious. Let's determine unknown number:

where . In result we have number of return size of constant thin structure. Have received from (5) the known formula for The Plank constant:

In (2) and (4) the mathematical concept of differential is incorrectly used. The basis - mathematics not is physics, the physics not is mathematics. In this case it is the simple example of a proper correlation of mathematics and physics.

The done operation and its result - first certificate about not of hopelessness of the put task. The number is connected to an elementary charge under the formula (3) and hints at possible interpretation as the complete number of elementary charges in some cluster of vacuum similar with pi-meson and with which photon co-operates. The following stage will be the reference to "photoeffect" for vacuum. It is known, that photon with energy turns to a pair electron and positron. From classical positions, probably, it is necessary to tell, that photon "beats out" from structure of vacuum the specified pair of particles (photoeffect in the pure sense). It not far from the fact, known in physics, of realization under photon with the necessary frequency (energy) influence on pair from virtual electron and positron particles. Let's choose size of "red border" for photon frequency . Its exact value is determined from the formula (10), when at conclusions there will be a value of thin structure constant. For definition we shall take advantage of the equation of energy under the Coulomb law and photon energy :

From (7) we find the value of a structural element:

We have distance between virtual electron and positron charges forming a tied charge or dipole, which is less in 2,014504 times than classical electron radius. Limiting dipole deformation, which is "red" border of its "destruction" at photoeffect is determined from:

The dipole deformation is less than the given value should have electroelastic character and at the greater value of deformation there would be a dipole destruction, the birth of pair of free electron and positron with zero move speed at exact performance of equality (7). The little bit large photon energy (its frequency) for giving non zero move speed of pair of particles is required. A remarkable consequence from the formula (9) -

Here extreme durability of vacuum lays, whence follows, which is similar to durability of an ether! The dipole destruction comes only at 1/137 parts of deformation from its whole value! In a nature the so small difference of deformation from an integer for achievement of strength is not known. The photoeffect for platinum gives value of deformation m. By other words, the vacuum is "stronger" than platinum almost on 6 orders.

The exact value of has helped to return (see above) and to specify value of photon frequency as . Under the given formula the connection of strength through thin structure constant and distance in dipole is carried out. Let's determine deformation from a electron taking place in its media through the equation of energy of a electron field and energy of deformation (axiom 1):

The deformation from electron as well as a ratio of classical radius and dipole size is less in 2,0145 times. As a result of deformation at electron presence or other particle the photon energy can decrease, as it is observed at a vacuum photoeffect - occurrence, for example, two of electrons and one of positron.

As in vacuum there is certain dipole, it will be natural to speak about its polarization:

So, the basic elements of structure of space vacuum are established. What they give?

The interaction between photon and vacuum in a most general view results in the mechanism of propagation of electromagnetic disturbances in vacuum structure. The electromagnetic wave begins with a cross movement of the tied charges of vacuum under action of "source" and there is an involving in this movement of the neighbor charge on a direction of distribution, but last one is inverted to the initiator by a charge of an opposite sign according to the Coulomb law. The Maxwell currents directed on a movement of charges to one party, but with opposite sign will be formed. This implies, that between currents in a perpendicular direction there is a magnetic intensity as the sum two and more magnetic strings. The arisen magnetic field carries out besides mutual "transformation" of electrical and magnetic energy a role of damper of propagation, limiting speed of light. Thus, the tied charges - dipoles - are the retransmitters of an electromagnetic wave. This extremely important understanding, because a light reaching the observer not is initial phenomenon or photon in the source, and repeatedly relayed signal.

It is natural to assume, that the longitudinal dipole polarization of space vacuum concerns to the phenomena of gravitation. The gravitation is explained by electrostatic "field", which is transferred in vacuum as a longitudinal signal. At longitudinal action of the Coulomb law between the tied charges there is a longitudinal movement of front of polarization, which is not accompanied by occurrence of a magnetic field between charges, parallel . moving in one direction, of an identical sign. The magnetic intensity should in this case cover moving charges as a current in a conductor. As electrostatic "field" or gravitational "field" act as central and frequently in general spherical, the total magnetic intensity of Maxwell currents appears to be for gravitational object or charged by a static electricity completely compensated, and completely is absent a damp action. It means really huge speed (if not instant!) propagation of a longitudinal wave in vacuum. In a case of almost instant speed of action of gravitation our Universe appears to be by uniform system, in which its any part "realises" itself in complete unity with the whole. Only so it is capable to exist and to develop. Cosmology cannot manage to be without "instant" transfer of gravitation.

Let's address to gravitational dipole polarization of vacuum. What the reader could look after a string of a conclusion, we shall state a hypothesis of equivalence of the laws of Newton and Coulomb, that is we shall proceed to the Uniform Law of the Universe through the formula of dependence gravitational Colombian charge from mass of any body (formula of Newton and Coulomb). The gravitational electrical charge of any mass pays off under the formula:

The value of factor can be determined on the basis of microparameters under the formula:

where [q] - electron charge,

- gravitational constant,

- speed of light,

- Plank constant.

Continuing the classical approach to structure, we shall notice, that the force of elastic electrical deformation will be determined from

Polarization

expressed through microparameters:

And in a result we have the view of the formulas received above:

The longitudinal dipole deformation of vacuum from gravitating object determines acceleration of force of mass and on the contrary, the acceleration of force of mass determines deformation of structure of vacuum. However mechanism of gravitation remains while obscure. We have limiting deformation (10). Let's calculate for its the maximal acceleration:

The force of electroelastic deformation from (15) will be determined by the maximal acceleration and unknown mass :

From the equation we find unknown mass and it is found out, that the , where - Plank mass. Unknown mass is equal to 1,8594446*10^-9 kg. It appears, that the - where it is enough precisely value of the electron charge.

Finishing a theme of space vacuum, we shall get resulting formula for estimation of speed of propagation of light depending on dipole deformation . For example, the corner of refraction of light which is taking place concerning to a surface the Sun will be , that practically is confirmed by experience. Thus it is necessary to remember, that the beam passes above a surface of the Sun and the situation other concerns its theoretically, in a reality: such is not known, what is a "surface" of the Sun. For limiting deformation, when , the speed of light is equal to zero. This property has "mass of a black hole ", and the limiting deformation will correspond to "horizon of events ". The excess of limiting deformation will result in intensive birth of pairs electron - positron, on accepted terminology - to evaporation of a black hole. Besides the red displacement will be observed at radiation from a source on heavy object known as "delay time" in the Einstein theories. The red displacement arises from transition of a beam of light from vacuum with low speed into space with usual value of speed under the formula , where .